Review: Glass Animals’ “Tour of Earth”

Several months ago my friend Bob texted me that he had bought some tickets to the Glass Animals‘ “Tour of Earth” show coming to Raleigh and asked if we wanted to go.

Bob was also responsible, indirectly, for me becoming a fan of Glass Animals. He likes to go to music festivals, and back in 2017 he invited us to go to Lollapalooza in Chicago. I caught the Glass Animals set and really liked their music. They were promoting their second album “How to Be a Human Being” and, while I listen to musically digitally these days if it had been a vinyl record I would have worn that sucker out.

Glass Animals performing at Lollapalooza 2017 in Chicago

They are now touring to promote their fourth studio album, “I Love You So F***ing Much“.

Where I live in North Carolina there are a couple of large venues that host musical acts, and Glass Animals was preforming at Walnut Creek Amphitheater, which is the only major outdoor venue. It’s located just southeast of Raleigh and consists of covered, reserved seating area and a large, sloped lawn for general admission. Note that it is now called the “Coastal Credit Union Music Park” (it has been a number of other names as well) and I’m certain it will change names again before I return so I’ll just call it “Walnut Creek”.

Bob had purchased lawn seats for this show. Now I enjoy lawn seats if the weather is nice, but once I worked for a company that bought season “gold circle” seats and that spoiled me. Those seats were on a raised area close to the stage, and you sat at a small table and had wait staff service. Needless to say I can’t afford those tickets on my own.

On the day of the show I really, really didn’t want to go. Our lives are very busy at the moment and all I wanted to do was curl up and take a nap lasting a day or two. It’s a 90 minute drive to Bob’s house so we had to add a three hour commute on top of the trip to the show. Walnut Creek is not known for being easy to get into or out of, there is always the question of the weather, and I am also not a big fan of crowds. That said I’m very happy we went.

Four of us piled into Bob’s Tesla: Bob, his daughter Megan (who also went with us to Lolla), Andrea and myself. I was a pleasant surprise that getting into the venue wasn’t difficult, and once we parked it was about a five to ten minute walk to the gate. For a variety of reasons Walnut Creek limits what you can bring in, and all we took were some beach towels. We ended up not using them, since I am old I rented us some chairs, and we managed to plant ourselves center stage about in the middle of the lawn.

The view from our seats

It turned out to be a beautiful evening, and we had an hour or so before the opening act so we just enjoyed it.

The show opened with Kevin Abstract, who is a rapper. He started off by doing about a 15 minute DJ set before launching into his show, and while I had not heard of him before he did a good job of getting the crowd ready for the main act.

Kevin Abstract Performs

Just a little after 9pm Glass Animals took the stage, which was set up as some sort of retro “mission control” room with a bank of monitors all in a row and a weird glass sphere in the center on which they would project images. All of the colors were strongly reminiscent of the early days of computers, when CGA graphics consisted of mainly magenta and cyan. The images projected on the large screen behind the stage recalled early vector graphics, and as an old it really appealed to me, although most of the attendees would have been decades away from birth when that was popular (I will say that there were a number of older people at the show and I didn’t feel like I was a chaperone).

A few of the stage showing off the CGA-style graphics

The band is fronted by Dave Bayley, who is insanely energetic, and he started off with “whatthehellishappening?” off the new album.

Okay, I have to admit something. While I consider “How to Be a Human Being” one of my top ten favorite albums, I am less in love with their later work. Since they are out promoting “I Love You So F***ing Much” I figured they would spend a lot of time with those songs, and they did end up playing eight out of the ten tracks on that album (out of the seventeen songs in the set), but they managed to hit most of my favorites as well.

Off their first album they just played one song, “Gooey”, and when the song started Bayley had walked through the crowd and climbed up on some scaffolding. About halfway through he climbed down and was walking back to the stage when he stopped to talk to a young fan. He asked if the kid knew the words and when they replied “yes” he turned over the mic and let them finish the verse. I thought that was pretty cool.

The crowd was great. When the concert started I thought it was going to be lightly attended but by the time Glass Animals actually got on stage the place was packed. Although Bayley kept saying this was the largest and loudest crowd of the tour so far, I couldn’t tell if that was just crowd service or if he was telling the truth, but for the first time in awhile I was at a concert where I wasn’t bumped into by a drunk, people didn’t spend the whole show trying to record it on their phones, and all in all everyone was just cool and enjoying the music.

I mean, we had lasers

Stage with lines of green lasers

and at some point a big, shiny UFO thingie was lowered

A picture of the stage with a shiny, UFO thing

Now they didn’t play my favorite track, “Season 2, Episode 3”, and they didn’t play “Cane Shuga”. I like the latter song but I really wanted to see them perform it live since I am certain they looped the vocals and it would be impossible to perform live (hence, I assume, its absence), but I did get “Life Itself”, and “Tokyo Drifting” and “Pork Soda”.

The last two closed the show, but they did a two song encore with “The Other Side of Paradise” and lastly the hit “Heat Waves”. “Heat Waves” is a song I always associate with the COVID pandemic, as the video shows Bayley collecting video monitors in a wagon and dragging them down a deserted street to an empty theatre. He sets them up on stage and images of the other three band members appear to close out the song.

All in all I got half the tracks from my favorite album and favorite tracks from the other two as well, and I am starting to appreciate the fourth album. I am extremely happy I went, and if you have the chance to catch them live I highly recommend it.

Five Years Ago I Became Old

Five years ago on this day I was in a traumatic car accident that left me with a broken neck, a crushed left ankle and other injuries. While I think about it every day, I haven’t really taken the time to write up what happened and the aftermath, so in honor of this anniversary I figured I’d do so.

Trigger warning: some of the images and descriptions in this tale may disturb some folks. If you think you are one of them, please skip this post.

July 26th started out as a hot, sunny summer’s day in the middle of North Carolina. It was Friday which meant I was off to Virlie’s to meet up with the Old Farts.

The Old Farts are a group of men who used to be heavily involved in local politics. They would meet once a week at a local diner for a long lunch and discussion. I came to their attention because I started a debate about removing our local Confederate War monument, and they invited me to join their table. I quite enjoyed those lunches. I really like being around people in their 70s and 80s mainly because at that age you have your priorities in order. At least one of them doesn’t even have a mobile phone.

At the time I had leased an electric car, a Nissan Leaf, POS edition. It was a POS because it kept breaking. Now there was only one person at the dealer who knew how to work on them and he was always gone, so I was usually stuck with a crappy loaner. On this morning the Leaf simply wouldn’t go. I would have said “start” but you don’t start an EV. When my ICE vehicles won’t start I have some chance of figuring out what went wrong, but not so with the POS. So the first thing that happened that day was I had to wait for a tow truck to show up to take it to the dealer.

Speaking of service, our F150 farm truck needed an oil change and an air conditioning recharge. The plan was to drive to the shop, walk into town to meet the Old Farts at Virlie’s, and then have one of them drive me back when the truck was ready.

I was in good spirits as I headed south on Hwy 87 into town. Hwy 87 is pretty straight and on this Friday it wasn’t very busy, but on one particular stretch of road I noticed a car in front of me in the distance.

While not unusual, what was unusual was that I was looking at a set of headlights in my lane.

In these days of mobile phones we’ve all seen distracted drivers, but this car was completely in my lane heading directly for me. I hit the brakes and the horn, flashed my lights and figured they would move over back into their lane.

They didn’t.

Now I don’t know if it was experience or the voice of my driving instructor telling me to always have “an out” but I took the truck to the right and off onto the shoulder. I didn’t go left as I was still hoping the other driver would get back in their lane, and I remember thinking that, hey, I’m going to take out those two mailboxes and end up with a story to tell.

At the last instant the other driver purposely turned into my truck, hitting me full force on the driver’s side front corner at what was estimated to be 70 mph.

What happened next is something of a blur. I had been in accidents before and there is this, I don’t know, dread that you feel when you realize you are going to be in a collision. The airbag deployed but I don’t remember that, I just remember being surrounded by powder and the cab getting extremely hot. The A/C was working, just not well, and as soon as the firewall was breached all the heat from the engine came in.

In every accident you worry about the vehicle blowing up (I’ve seen too many TV shows and movies) and in practice that rarely happens, but I still wanted to get out of the truck. I couldn’t open the driver’s side door so I pulled myself over to the passenger door to try to see if it would open (it wouldn’t).

It was at this point in time that I saw my left foot. It was still nominally attached to my leg but it was never, ever supposed to be flopped over at that angle.

From what I learned after the fact, the impact caused the footwell of my side of the truck to accordion, and my ankle was the result. I also had a broken big toe on my right foot, and I remember that hurt a lot more than my left foot. I assume that’s what they mean when they talk about “shock” as you would expect to be feeling a tremendous amount of pain, but I was more unhappy about my toe than my almost detached foot.

I called my wife to tell her what happened, as this was about three miles from my house. I think there is some statistic that most accidents occur within ten miles of home so this would support that.

Now at the time I was carrying two phones. I liked to play with different operating systems on Android phones, but I had an iPhone as well. My main phone was somewhere in the truck, but I was able to get to my backup phone, but since she didn’t recognize the number she didn’t pick up. We did have an answering machine so she heard me start talking and then picked up, but apparently my voice didn’t sound at all like me so it took her awhile to understand who it was. She told me she was on the way.

As I lay there across the bench seat I could hear someone outside of the truck ask if I was okay, to which I replied “No”. He told me that help was on the way.

At some point later (I really had no concept of time at this point) the fire department showed up. They had to break the window to get access to the cab, and then they covered me with a thick blanket and broke the back window. I was put in a c-collar and then waited as they used the “jaws of life” to cut open the driver’s side door. They transferred me to a back board and loaded me into the ambulance.

Andrea had showed up about this time and so I knew she would take care of things like finding my other phone and bringing things I would need to the hospital. She also took most of the pictures of the accident I’m sharing here.

I do remember some of the ride to the hospital. The EMT immobilized my ankle, which at this point in time had begun to hurt a lot. I also got my first painkiller which was a healthy dose of morphine. I remember a male voice telling me “you are about to be very popular” when we arrived at the Emergency Department at UNC Hospital in Chapel Hill.

At this point I want to talk about the other driver. Not to spoil the story but we never found out why she was driving like she was or why she turned in to me at the last instant (in the picture above you can see how far on the shoulder I was). She was in a VW Passat, which isn’t a huge vehicle, but at speed and the exact place she hit me maximized the forces applied to my body. She was taken to the hospital and released, and that is about all I know. No charges were filed.

Once in the ED I got more painkillers (fentanyl this time) and they cut away my clothes and did a CT scan. They were very concerned about any spinal injuries, so I was kept strapped completely flat (i.e. I couldn’t lift my head or bend at the waist). I remember being in a room with Andrea while we waited for next steps.

At this point she asked “did you try to do something with the bank, today? They called and said it didn’t go through”.

I was running a small business at the time, and we used a service called TriNet that handled our benefits and payroll. Once a month there would be this huge sucking sound as they removed a bunch of money from the company’s checking account. My accident was on a Friday and the withdrawal was scheduled for Monday.

We didn’t have enough cash to cover it.

Every business needs to focus on cash flow, and we had just hit a point where our credit was exhausted. We were expecting a very large check from a customer by the following Wednesday, but in order to cover payroll and make sure my team got paid I had tried to move some money from our personal savings account into the business account to cover it, and I would pay it back as soon as the check cleared.

Apparently the method I chose didn’t work, perhaps because the names on the accounts were different (one was the corporation).

With Andrea’s help I called the bank. They told me that it was still possible to do a wire transfer as long as I got it in by 4pm. I asked who I could talk to in order to make that happen and they told me to just do it online. I explained that I was currently in the ED of UNC Hospital, strapped to a back board, and not really in a position to go online, and I asked if there a human who could help me with this.

The answer was “no”.

So with Andrea’s help (remember I can’t move my head at this point) I managed to get on my laptop, get on the hospital’s WiFi, log in to the web site and make the transfer. It was completed at 3:50pm.

After we sold that company and I was still interested in working, I was often asked why wasn’t I looking for another CEO position. This wasn’t the only reason but it was a major one. If you run a company where other people depend on you to get paid, it keeps you up at night. I hope to never be in that position again.

Once that was done I came to the realization that I probably wouldn’t need to do anything else but focus on getting better for a long time. Of course that started with the staff trying to better immobilize my ankle, which meant a lot more pain.

I don’t remember much about the rest of that day, but I was moved to a room and scheduled for surgery. My left ankle was crushed (the impact basically took the heel of my foot and tried to relocate it six inches up my leg), and my right big toe was broken. I had some cracked ribs and most concerning, a fracture in my neck at C2.

I forget what they called the section of the hospital where I was being kept but while it wasn’t intensive care it was some level just below it. I had a dedicated nurse who checked in on me often, and I spent most of my time sleeping, probably due to all the drugs. I was still on a backboard so I really couldn’t move much more than my hands.

I remember at some point I was told I needed to urinate. Now think about laying completely flat on your back and being told to pee. They were able to tilt the bed, much like you see in those movie versions of Frankenstein when they have animated the monster, but I was still unable to produce anything. I think they ended up using a catheter but I don’t remember.

I was lucky in that they determined I had no lower back injuries, so I was removed from the back board. My neck would need to remain immobilized for months, but at least I could bend at the waist.

You would think that with broken bones they would want to operate immediately, but due to the severity of my injuries the area was too swollen. So my first surgery was to install a “temporary external fixator” or “ex-fit” to keep my ankle in place until they could operate. This is what it looks like, installed:

Note that those red bumps are blood blisters. They didn’t want to drain them until the skin underneath had time to heal (and that large one produced about 200 mL when they finally did it).

Those rods tend to snag on things, so most of the time the whole bottom of my leg was kept wrapped.

Now there wasn’t much to do but sleep and wait. I can remember having trouble sleeping at times but the drugs made it easy. I don’t have much of a sequential memory of what happened over the next two weeks, but a couple of things stand out.

The first happened, I think, on the Monday after my accident. Over the past five years I’ve interacted with a large number of medical professionals, and a certain percentage of them seem to display behaviors associated with Asperger Syndrome. One of them was the resident who was assigned to me, and on this morning he walked in and without fanfare went “you have cancer”.

Now to many this would be shocking to hear, but I just laughed. I had no idea what he was talking about but I was certain I didn’t have cancer (spoiler: I was right).

During my stay I was subjected to a lot of imaging, mainly CT scans. Apparently on one of them they detected a mass on my lung. It was just shy of 5mm in width. Not to ruin the narrative flow, once I got out of the hospital I made an appointment with an oncologist and they decided to keep an eye on it but felt it wasn’t cancerous. It was so small that even if they tried to biopsy it they probably couldn’t find it.

I can remember another incident that happened during this time. While in the hospital I became very dependent on my iPhone and my Apple Watch. Even though I had a laptop, being in a C-collar (the model was a “Miami J“) made it difficult to look at the laptop and to type, so I communicated with the rest of the world on my mobile, and when I was dozing my watch could tell me if something happened to which I needed to respond (say, a text from Andrea). I could also FaceTime. At the same time I was in the hospital my friend Ben had surgery on his nasal cavity and we made quite the pair.

Screenshot

One evening my watch alerted me that my heart rate was extremely high (I think it was north of 160 beats per minute). Soon after that my room was full of medical professionals. I had two IV ports installed, one in each arm, and the one on the left was put in during the ambulance ride to the hospital. It apparently had become infected. I didn’t watch as it was removed (it is hard to look down in a C-collar) but apparently it was nasty. I still have a small scar.

A couple of things kept me going. First of all, Andrea would visit almost every day (as my stay progressed I was happy to let her have a day off). I had no desire to eat so I would sometimes order her food. I’m not sure if this is still the case but the food at UNC was pretty good. They had a large menu with a variety of choices, and you would simply call a number and place your order, and about an hour later it would show up. I remember really liking the smoothies.

One issue was that people tended to call in at about the same time, so you would end up having to wait on hold. UNC’s phone system is by Cisco, and so they use the default Cisco on-hold music. To this day that sound is triggering for me (grin).

I also had a number of friends who would come by for a few hours. Remember that this was just before COVID, and I can’t imagine the isolation I would have felt if the accident had occurred during that time.

Another thing that was amazing was the nursing staff. Now I had two types of people help me: nurses and nursing assistants. Nurses were involved in things that were closely related what medical doctors did, such as putting in an IV. Nursing assistants were the people who made staying in the hospital bearable by taking care of your physical needs, such as changing the sheets, bathing you and giving you a fresh gown or helping you to the bathroom. Both were amazing, but it was funny to see how certain nurses (well one) thought of nursing assistants. At times something would happen that would normally be addressed by an assistant, but a nurse would be in my room. Most of the time the nurse would just take care of it, but there was one nurse in particular who would tell me that she would go and get a nursing assistant.

I didn’t like her very much.

But I want to stress the rest of the staff was amazing. I regret that I didn’t take better notes on names, because at the time I had pretty much memorized the rotation as well as their names (not much else to do) and I never thought I would forget, but as time went on I did.

I guess this is a good segue to talk about bathroom stuff. I didn’t eat much while I was in the hospital. I really didn’t feel hungry. I did drink a lot, and so I had to pee. That process was pretty simple as they gave me a little container that hooked on to the rail of the hospital bed (which was a fancy Hill-Rom). I would raise the back of the bed, flip aside my gown and attempt to fill the bottle.

They were very interested in my urine output, so once I was done I was supposed to ring the nurse so they could write it down. I didn’t once and got scolded. When I left the trauma intensive care unit (I forget what they called it) I spent a few days in a shared room. I can remember I was really proud of myself when I was able to produce about 100mL of dark urine until the guy in the other bed hit 600mL. I found out later that he was on diuretics so that was cheating.

They took that guy out and replaced him with a young man who had, and I’m not making this up, been shot in the ass. It was kind of interesting to listen to his conversations. Apparently one fragment nicked his colon so he had a colostomy bag and it got infected. He was on a liquid diet while I was trying (unsuccessfully) to eat things like hot dogs and pasta. I do remember he had a great attitude.

I ended up getting a single room after that, and would have one for the rest of my stay.

Now one major issue with taking a lot of narcotics is that you don’t poop. As I will explain later on in this tale, it turns out I like to poop more than I like the drug high. Scared straight, as it were. The fact I couldn’t poop didn’t keep me from trying. First they gave me a bed pan and I swear there is no way, under any kind of normal circumstance, that I am going to use a bed pan. My body just won’t cooperate. I can remember times in my life when I really, really needed to poop and if that happened and there was no other option I guess I would make a bed pan work, but without that urgency it ain’t gonna happen.

So they brought me a bedside toilet. With the ex-fit and my bandaged leg it was a bit of a production to get me on it, and there were a few small successes along the way but nothing major. Not to over share (well, over share even more) but when I wake up, I get up and pee, and 30 minutes later I poop. Which means I ended up on the bedside toilet mostly in the morning.

Mornings is when they have rounds.

If you ever end up having a long hospital stay (and I hope you never do), shame is the first victim. You are in this hospital smock with no back and so many strangers are poking and prodding you that you just stop caring. So when I was on the toilet when a group of 6-8 people came by for rounds, I would just roll with it:

“Come one, come all and witness the majesty that is the Balog morning bowel movement!”

After about two weeks in the hospital, they decided that it was okay to try to repair the damage. My surgery date was a surprise as they did a bad job of communicating it to me or Andrea, but one morning I was rolled into the OR and several hours later (I seem to remember six or seven) I came out with new metal in my leg.

It hurt. A lot.

I’m not one to promote drug use, but there is a magical substance called Dilaudid (hydromorphone). It is lovely. To this day I have fond memories of the nurse coming in, injecting it into my IV line, and this amazing … warmth … starting in my right shoulder and flowing down to my damaged left ankle. It was sooo good.

But remember, kiddos, if you do drugs you don’t poop, and you really, really want to poop.

At this point, the ex-fit has been replaced by a big cast that stopped just below my knee. After a few days, I was moved to the rehabilitation wing. I didn’t like the room as much as my old one, but at this point they gave me a walker and I was at least able to move myself from the bed to the bathroom.

I also started rehab, which wasn’t bad and for the most part I liked it. Not only did I do exercises to get my strength back, they also taught me how to work with one less limb. They had a mocked up kitchen and I was taught how to move, say, a plate from one side of the counter to the other while still using my walker (you lean and pass it from one hand to the other). I used a lot of what I learned when I got home.

The main downside to rehab was having to do it while being extremely constipated. They took an x-ray and there was basically a softball-sized mass in my colon that was just spinning in lazy circles. They went in from the top and from the bottom to try and move it but nothing really worked. My comfort was alleviated somewhat but it wasn’t until I was home for a couple of weeks before things started approaching normal.

After over four weeks in the hospital they told me I was ready to go home. I was so eager. Andrea had been working to make things ready, from installing a ramp so I could get into the house through the front door …

… to finding a shower stool and rails that we could put around the toilet.

My next to last day consisted of a test to see if I was ready (it included things like having me get down a hallway using my walker in a set amount of time) and I got to take a shower for the first time in a month. Andrea found this plastic sock-thingie that you could put over the cast to keep water out, and I was surprised that the staff had never seen it (they took pictures of the box).

After 33 nights I finally got to go outside. I was ready.

Before I go on I do want to thank everyone at UNC Hospitals in Chapel Hill, NC, for taking such good care of me. I hope to never, ever use your services again but you made my stay and recovery as pleasant as possible.

Even though I was home, there were still months of work before I could even consider getting back to normal. I was still in a C-collar and told I would need to remain in it for four months, and my leg was in a cast.

The C-collar made showering interesting. I would shower in the collar and then I would lay down on the bed and Andrea would gently remove it while I tried to remain perfectly still. She would replace the pads, which were now wet, with fresh ones and return the collar to my neck.

I still spent a lot of time sleeping, and when I wasn’t sleeping I wasn’t much good for anything other than watching TV, but I did manage to set up my office so that I could use my computer and still keep my leg elevated. I slowly started to return to work.

The next few months are a bit of a blur. I did get my cast off and I replaced it with a “soft” boot to use when I was in the house and a “hard” boot for when I left the house.

I started physical therapy three times a week. Again, I know people hate physical therapy but I rather enjoyed mine. My therapist, Katie Kennedy, is amazing and she is also a Pilates instructor. She has a machine called a “Reformer” and I really enjoyed using it.

One funny story I like to tell is that when I got well enough to leave the house, we wanted to go to a local diner called Virlie’s Grill (the same one where I’d meet the Old Farts). On Friday’s they have a “grill night” where they grill steaks, chicken and seafood, and before my accident we went there about every other week.

This particular Friday I came into the restaurant. I’m using my walker, I still have on my C-collar, and my leg is in a boot. The place got deathly quiet as people stopped and looked at me, and I said “You leave the toilet seat up one too many times …”

It killed.

The biggest challenge to my return to health was the stupid C-collar. About six weeks after I left the hospital we went for a checkup, and I was certain the doctor was going to tell me I could leave the collar off. When said said everything looked good my spirits soared but when she said I’d need to stay in it eight more weeks I just cried. It wasn’t the first or would it be the last time I shed tears over my predicament.

Another time was when I fell. I was lucky that I only fell once and I still don’t know what happened, but I was going from the study to the bedroom and suddenly I was on the floor. In rehab they told me how to deal with it: you roll over on your knees and then crawl until you are next to something (in my case a sofa) that you can use to lift yourself up. I got myself upright, hobbled over to the bed, and just wept.

On the bright side PT was going well. Katie got me using crutches versus my walker, which made getting around a little easier, and within two weeks I was using a cane. I did finally get out of that C-collar, which meant I could drive myself again, and that more than anything made me feel like I was getting better.

In November my father turned 80, and my sister had arranged a party. Of course she chose a restaurant where the party was on the second floor with no elevator, so I worked with Katie to figure out how to use stairs. She taught me the “heaven/hell” method. Going up you are going to heaven, so lead with your “good” foot”. Going down, lead with your “bad” foot.

Also in November we sold our software company. Ultimately that turned out to be a bad move, and I can’t help but feel that if I had had some role in the negotiations it would have turned out differently. Ultimately it worked out (I really enjoy my current job) but I am still haunted by the “what could have beens”.

In December I took my first business trip since the accident, an overnight visit to Ohio. It presented some challenges but I was able to make it there and back. It was interesting to deal with the fact that one of my ankles was much larger than the other, and I had to start buying two pairs of shoes since the left foot was one size large than the right.

At this point in time I wish I could say that I went on to heal and everything got back to normal, but that wasn’t the case. In March one of the screws in my ankle decided to come out.

Despite the jokes from my friends as to whether or not it took a Phillips-head screwdriver or hex, I scheduled surgery to have it removed. Then COVID hit.

It seems so far away, but if you remember when the pandemic first started there was little information on the disease so people reacted with caution. Hospitals shut down all non-urgent surgeries, including mine. It wasn’t until April that I had my operation. They removed the pesky screw but they had no idea why it was being rejected by my body (there was nothing like an infection near the site to indicate other reasons).

By this time I was getting used to having surgery, but I could never get used to the recovery. Because the skin is so tight around the ankle my incisions just kept bleeding. It was annoying. Luckily with time it finally stopped – just in time for another surgery.

The decision was made to remove the rest of the metal in my ankle. At the time I thought this was a good idea (you really, really need to act as your own advocate when dealing with medical advice). While I had recovered some level of motion, often it felt like there was a tight metal band around my ankle which made it harder to have a natural gait. I figured that with it gone that would improve.

I went through another cycle of surgery followed by recovery, and I had similar issue with bleeding. But on the upside my ankle felt better and my physical therapy, now once a week, showed a lot of improvement.

At the end of 2020 I had a follow up appointment with my doctor to see how it was going which included x-rays. I was jazzed because things were going so well at PT, but my mood was torpedoed when he came back into the room. With the metal removed, my ankle had collapsed upon itself and then the bones fused. Not only did this make me at least an inch shorter on that side, it also ruled out the possibility of an ankle replacement in the future.

I went to the car and just cried.

Anyway, I’m not one to wallow so I just got on with it. I added a lift to my left shoe to help with the lopsidedness and my limp comes and goes over a given day. I have considered having the foot removed entirely. I’ve seen people with prosthetics that can run and I am not able to run (I can do this kind of rapid shuffle-hop if I need to, say, get to the car in the rain). But as I age I don’t want to have to put on my foot just to go to the bathroom in the middle of the night. I also seem to be okay for most tasks, including redoing a portion of the roof of our barn where I spent a lot of time ten feet up walking over rafters. It could be worse.

While the accident is something I think about every single day, last year I totally forgot about the anniversary so at least it isn’t top of mind. I can drive by the scene of the accident without experiencing any distress, but every so often something will happen (like I’ll hear that damned Cisco on-hold music) and it will trigger memories.

But for the first time in my life I feel old. We never had children so while I do adult things like have a job and own a house, before the accident I didn’t feel much different in my 50s than I did in my 30s. That all changed when the accident happened and I lost so much mobility. My youth, more than anything, is what the accident robbed from me.

It could have been much worse, and throughout it all I had the support of Andrea (I don’t deserve her) and my friends who were amazing. I hope no one has to go through what I did but if you do, remember that it does get better.

I’ll close with a cartoon by my friend Chad Essley:

Ford and Bad Customer Service

When it comes to trucks, I’m a Ford guy through and through. I’ve owned five of them in my life. Two I sold, two were totaled in accidents and one I still own.

Crashed Ford F150

My F150 got totaled when another driver decided to drive their car into me at a high rate of speed. While I was in the hospital, my insurance agent asked if I would need another truck, and when I said “yes” he put me in contact with a client of his that runs an asphalt company. That guy buys 15-20 trucks a year, and he and gets rid of them when they are three years old. He had a 2016 Platinum edition F250 with a diesel engine for sale. It was in great condition, and although it had over 200,000 miles on it, it was used solely by a salesperson who drove it quite a bit visiting clients, so they were highway miles.

[Note: you may ask why we need a “Child Killer 5000” truck and the answer is that I own a horse farm. It really helps to have something like this when you are pulling a fifth wheel horse trailer]

It’s a great truck and it has been reasonably issue-free. Recently it threw a check engine light code related to a known problem with these trucks. I was told by my local dealer that they couldn’t repair it under warranty because the truck had too many miles on it. I went ahead and had the repair done and decided to write a letter to Ford asking them to consider paying for the repair, since while the truck has high miles it had been gently used and since this is a known defect I’d like them to cover it. I also sent in a copy of the repair receipt.

I stressed in the letter that if they didn’t pay for the repair that I would still remain a Ford loyalist, as I do like their trucks and I’ve survived two major wrecks in them.

What I didn’t expect is that their response would be so poor that I would reconsider my position on the brand.

Even though I took the time to write, print out and mail a letter, I got back an e-mail. Signed “Carissha” it reads as if it was written by a poorly trained AI.

It starts off well:

Thank you for taking the time to write to us.  You’ve indicated that because your vehicle is outside the mileage limitation of Program 17M04, you are seeking an exception for coverage, and we appreciate you bringing this to our attention.  

Good. They obviously get the reason I wrote to them. Then I get:

Upon careful consideration, we have determined that we are unable to satisfy your request because this program extends coverage to 11 years or 120,000 miles, whichever occurs first, and exceptions to this policy are not allowed.

Seriously? If by “careful consideration” you mean absolutely no thought at all, I get that, but don’t pretend that you even thought about it and then cite the recall coverage limits. If they had written something like “These parts will eventually fail with use, and we determined that they might fail early in these models, but since your vehicle has high miles on it the failure is probably due to use and thus we can’t extend coverage,” or some such, I would have been happy. Heck, I would have been okay with “exceptions are not allowed” but got angry when it was worded as if they put in a lot more effort in the decision than they did. It was like they never even read my letter, which was demonstrated in what followed:

If you decide to move forward with your repair, we recommend saving your receipts in the event Ford launches an additional program that allows for reimbursement of your concerns in the future.

So now it was obvious to me that they didn’t even look at the receipts I sent documenting that I already had the repair performed.

The rest of the letter was “thank you for your feedback [blah blah blah]” but it was already obvious that I didn’t rate a real interaction or response.

Look, the repair was a little over $300 so it isn’t going to ruin me, and I almost considered not sending a letter at all, but I was expecting a little more than I got in response. If I had to sum up the number one cause of customer dissatisfaction it is missed expectations, and my once unblemished view of Ford is now slightly less shiny (and Dodge is starting to make some amazing trucks).

Will that $300 come into play when I need another truck? I’m not sure, but it would have cost them a lot less to just write a real and honest letter instead of what they sent.

Armchair Treasure Hunts

I came across an interesting article today about an “armchair treasure hunt” in France.

[2024 Update: The golden owl has been found]

These were really popular around the turn of the century, starting with Masquerade by Kit Williams. Authors would publish a book of pictures and the pictures were supposed to provide clues to locating a buried treasure. Most of the time the “treasure” was a token that could be exchanged for the actual valuable object, as I doubt anyone would want to leave something worth tens of thousands if not hundreds of thousands of dollars laying about. Plus, I’m sure there was the publicity angle of awarding the prize to the lucky winner.

I think I bought a copy of Masquerade and if so I probably still have it around here somewhere. I’m in the middle of a move and the majority of my books are still in boxes but perhaps I’ll find it when I finally get around to unpacking them. I never came close to the answer, which involved drawing a line from the left eye of each character in the picture through the longest digit of its left hand which would then point to a letter on the border. Repeat for the left foot and then right eye to hand/foot and you ended up with an anagram which would point you to the correct location.

Sheesh.

The hunt mentioned in the article, On the Trail of the Golden Owl takes place in France, and there is a very complicated backstory involving the still unsolved puzzle. This took me down a Wikipedia rabbit hole where I learned that the person who “won” the Masquerade puzzle cheated, and that there was another game called The Secret that still has outstanding prizes. The Secret was published before Golden Owl but I guess since some of the prizes in The Secret have been found that the claim the Golden Owl is the oldest unsolved hunt is probably valid.

This reminded me of another hunt call A Treasure’s Trove. I never bought the book, but my friend David Somers did. He and classmate Mark Moeglein found a token for a diamond encrusted beetle worth $54,000. As I am an e-mail hoarder I still have the note he sent to me:

I’m having a bit of a Willy Wonka moment and feeling quite like Charlie Bucket. Late Sunday night I solved a sort of visual riddle in a book called a “Treasure’s Trove,” a book for kids and adults that has a real treasure hunt for 12 Jewels worth a total of $1 million dollars. You
may have seen this on the Today show. Anyway, we just found the 12th token! It can be redeemed for a jewel encrusted beetle valued at over $50K or a lesser amount of cash.

The riddle spelled out the name of an Overlook within the Badlands National Park. I immediately called Mark Moeglein, my best friend from college. His daughter Katie is my goddaughter and I had given her a copy of the book and we had all been doing the puzzles with the kids.  Mark is lives in Oregon and I’m in Boston. We both dropped everything and each raced about 1800 miles from opposite coasts (I drove 560 miles in 7 1/2 hours after my flights). By late Monday night we were both in Wall, S.D. By early Tuesday morning we were at the White River Overlook in the Badlands and quickly found the specific tree that we were looking for. After 15 minutes of searching from the ground with flashlights and lanterns, Mark finally climbed the tree and spotted the token in a knothole 8 ft off the ground.

It is quite amazing that decoding 15 characters (BADLANDSWROVRLK) out of a children’s book set us off on this little adventure. It is even more amazing that we pulled it off without a hitch. We knew exactly which tree to search 1800 miles away. Incredible!

There are a few more details in a Boston Globe article (yoinked from the Wayback Machine).

David was always good at stuff like this (I can remember him winning a radio contest with a much smaller prize back when we were in school together). I, on the other hand, am not good at such things, although the fact that one of the prizes still outstanding in The Secret is probably in North Carolina has piqued my interest (grin).

Thirty Years Ago

Andrea and I eloped on April Fool’s Day, 1993.

We didn’t tell anyone but the jeweler who made our rings.

We actually had our first date on April 1st, 1992, and I asked her to marry me in December of that year. Being much smarter than me, she suggested we wait until we had been together at least one year, so we set the date for our one year “dating” anniversary.

The picture above was taken at Sears Portrait Studio, and we were married in the Wake County Courthouse that afternoon. We had to get two of the ladies who worked in the office to be our witnesses.

Needless to say, no one believed us. We got a kind of cheesy certificate in lieu of the formal one that would come later in the mail that looked like something you would have purchased at Spencer Gifts (these days you would just download one off the Internet).

We drove to Asheville and spent the night in a B&B for our honeymoon.

To be honest, I can understand why none of my friends thought the marriage would last. I took seven years and three schools to get my four year college degree. I moved around a lot. But getting married was the start of a very stable period for me. We’ve lived in the same house for twenty-three years and I held the same job for twenty. Of course, I’ve recently gotten another job and we are in the process of moving to a new farm so some change is inevitable.

I have a lot of advice on how to make it three decades married to the same person, but there is really no need to share it since younger couples won’t listen anyway (grin). Most suggestions, such as “never go to bed angry” are worthless anyway, as sometimes in order to stay together you need to spend a short time apart.

To paraphrase Jack Nicholson in As Good As It Gets, being with Andrea has made me a better man. If I have ever been kind to you, or made you smile, you can thank her (if I was an asshole, well, that’s all on me).

Sarge (2009-2023)

About 16 years ago my mother-in-law started feeding a pair of feral cats that had taken up residence in her back yard. Fast forward two years and she ended up with well over 20 cats. Understanding exponential growth we decided something needed to be done. Andrea caught the nine kittens, as those would be the most adoptable, and I started a campaign to trap and sterilize the remaining cats.

In order to socialize the kittens, they were first kept in the master bathroom, and then we slowly let them have access to more of the house. We managed to find homes for seven and we decided to keep two of them.

One kitten we nicknamed “Friendly” because he was simply the friendliest cat we’d ever met. As soon as you came into the room he would run over and want to be petted or to play.

We eventually settle on “Sarge” for a name, due to the pronounced stripes on his front legs.

While you aren’t really supposed to have favorites, Sarge became our favorite cat. Andrea in particular was very attached to him, and he would often seek her out for petting or to sleep on her, and like most cats he did like to sleep.

Unfortunately, he recently developed some health problems. We took him to the vet who, after a blood test, told us he was in kidney failure. We did what we could, including medication and subcutaneous fluids, but he started going downhill fast. Last week we took him in to have him euthanized, but he was having a really good day so we couldn’t bring ourselves to do it. The vet, who was very kind and spent a lot of time with us, said that he wasn’t in pain so if we decided to take him back home we weren’t being selfish or cruel.

That was probably his last good day. Last night he just let out the most pitiful wail and was panting hard, trying to breathe. We decided it was time and so we took him in this morning.

We buried him in the back of our property, along side several of our other lost pets.

He would have been 14 this summer, so that is a decent run for a Felis catus, but we’ve had cats in the past who lived to 18 or 19 years so it still seems like he left too soon. Our sadness at his passing, while great, is offset by the joy and companionship he gave us over the years.

Influenza A (H1-2009)

With the Thanksgiving holiday just past here in the United States, 2022 is starting to come to a close. It has been quite year for me, including losing a parent, starting a new job and buying a new farm. With the new job I’ve started to travel more, and for the first time in years I’ve gotten very sick from a business trip. It’s not something I’ve missed.

TL;DR; Getting the flu as an older adult sucks. During flu season mask up and take as many precautions as you can to prevent exposure.

Up until about August of 2019, I was doing about 85,000 “in seat” airline miles a year. I was away from home about 50% of the time. In July of 2019 I was in a bad car accident, and just as I was recovering the COVID pandemic hit, and for nearly three years I did almost zero travel.

The upside was I didn’t get sick. Between masks, isolation and lots of hand washing I just wasn’t exposed to anything that could make me sick, to the point that I’d forgotten how debilitating it can be.

Times are changing. People are traveling more and it seems like we as a society have just made the decision to forgo some of the habits we picked up during the pandemic. When I started traveling again in June of this year, people were still wearing masks indoors and on planes, and most events had a mask requirement as well. That is no more. Two weeks ago I got the opportunity to go to Helsinki, Finland, and I saw very few people out in public in masks either in the USA as I traveled there or in Finland itself. I found myself less inclined to wear one as well, but I usually kept it on when being inside for any length of time.

I’d been to Helsinki twice before, and as it is a really cool town I was looking forward to returning. It is also seven hours ahead of New York, my home time zone, and that can make things a bit awkward. I found a relatively inexpensive flight on Finnair direct to Helsinki from JFK which arrived mid-afternoon on Wednesday.

So far so good.

People often think of Finland in winter as being cold, and it is, but for once it was actually colder at my home in North Carolina. Usually when I travel I try to stay at Marriott properties. I really enjoyed the hotel I used last time, but all three Marriott affiliated locations were booked. It turns out that a famous European start-up conference called Slush was going on at the same time as my meeting. The Raddisson I booked was okay, but it wasn’t in a very vibrant section of town. I just grabbed some snacks at a local convenience store, tried to stay up as late as possible and then went to bed.

My meeting was an all-day conference on Thursday, and as it was being streamed they set it to start at 3pm (15:00) local time which mapped to 8am New York time. That meant it was also going to run until 10pm or so followed by a meal. Our host, Monty, had arranged for this to happen at his house, and I didn’t make it back to my hotel room until early Friday morning (I’ll post more on the conference later).

Now, usually when I travel from Europe back to the US I leave a little before noon and I get home mid-afternoon. There were a couple of flight options like this but they all pretty much doubled the cost of the ticket. Not sure why. So even though I was eager to get home for the start of the Thanksgiving week, I took the evening flight out at 5pm which gave me a little more time to spend with the folks on Friday who were still at Monty’s. The downside was that I wouldn’t land at RDU until midnight and it would take even more time to make it home.

I slept until about 8am, showered, packed and ate breakfast, aiming to arrive at the house around 10:30. I don’t remember feeling bad, although I had developed a slight cough. My body had no idea what time it was, however. I spent some more time with my gracious hosts, got to the airport and boarded the plan without issues.

The plane had a coach seating arrangement of 2-4-2 and I was lucky enough to get on a row with not only extra legroom but also I was the only person in the “4” section. Score. After the meal I pulled up all the armrests, gathered the extra blankets and pillows into a little “nest” and tried to get some sleep.

This is when I started to feel bad. Have you ever had one of those days where you were just dragging and you managed to grab about 30 minutes of a “cat nap” and then you felt great? Have you ever had the opposite happen, where the nap makes things worse?

This made things worse.

When I finally gave up on sleeping I woke up with a splitting headache and we were still a couple of hours from JFK. (sigh)

I’m happy that for the most part the rest of my trip went as smooth as possible. By this time I had added feeling nauseated to having a bad headache and I was pretty sure I was running a fever. I tried to sleep on the flight to RDU and managed to get home just before 2am.

Andrea and I came up with a routine when it comes to travel, and I always isolate for a night or two when I get back from a trip (longer for those trips involving conferences or lots of people). I crawled into the guest bed thinking that all I needed was a good night’s sleep and I’d be better.

I didn’t get that sleep. I tossed and turned and dozed a bit but then a third major symptom arrived: shortness of breath. To feel my best I had to actively monitor my breathing and pretty much force the air in and out.

At this point in time I decided to activate my medical deductible.

While we live in a somewhat rural section on North Carolina, we have easy access to the UNC Health Care System, a selection of hospitals, doctors offices and clinics. There is a UNC Urgent Care facility about ten miles from my house, so about 8:30 I on Saturday I got dressed and asked Andrea to take me there.

When I got to reception there was a sign about not being able to take patients until about 10am for some reason, but the magic words of “I … can’t … breathe” had the desired affect and I was seen pretty quickly. They noticed that my pulse-ox was a little low (97%) but if I was talking or walking that would drop as low as 92%. There first thought was that I might have had a pulmonary embolism during flight, and they took a couple of chest x-rays and an EKG in order to grab more data. They also did a nasal swab to check for COVID, the Flu and RSV. The care provider wanted me to get some blood work done but if they did it at the clinic it would take hours for the results, so she asked me to drive about 20 minutes away to the hospital in Siler City where the results would come in faster. Then I was to go home and wait for further instructions.

That went smoothly and I was back home just about to get back into bed they called to tell me to go to the UNC Emergency Department. The pulmonary embolism was still a possibility and they wanted to schedule a chest CT scan.

So we got back in the car.

A downside of UNC Hospital is that it is colocated on the UNC campus and last Saturday was also the day of a huge rivalry football game. That made parking an issue but since Andrea just dropped me off at the Emergency Room entrance it worked out okay. Pretty soon I was in a room of my own being fitted with a heart monitor, pulse-ox, oxygen and an IV. Between the travel, headache, nausea and getting tested I had not consumed many fluids. The nurse hung a liter of lactated ringers and I was very grateful, grateful enough to actually doze off for a bit.

Me getting settled in the UNC ED

That peacefulness ended when I woke up to see the bag was nearly empty and realizing that my bladder was nearly full. While I would have been happy with a curtain and a jar, they took the time to unplug me and escort me down the hall to the toilet.

When I got back I got the diagnosis that I had a confirmed case of Influenza A. This was actually good news as it lessened the chance of a pulmonary embolism, but they still wanted to do the CT scan.

While I waited for my turn I did try to look at my phone to keep up with what was going on, but my head hurt to much that looking at screens was painful. I did see that there had been a mass killing in Idaho, which made me want to stop looking anyway.

The scan itself was a non-event. I’ve had several in the past and they don’t bother me, although this one was “with contrast” and that it always a little weird. Just before they take the pictures they push in what is basically a dye to increase the contrast shown in the scan. But whenever I get it I get momentarily flush and it almost feels like I’ve been incontinent. The moment passes quickly but I’m glad they told me to be aware of it.

After the scan came back normal they decided to send me home. If I have any complaint about my care it would be that once it was determined that I had the flu I wasn’t given much direction. I asked for Tamiflu (although I should have asked for Xofluza) but outside of that they didn’t give me much advice for treating symptoms.

At this point in time I just wanted to get home and get into bed. This happened about 6:30 on Saturday night.

The next few days were pretty much a blur. My fever would bounce between 100F and 102F, and I would either be sweating through my clothes or shivering so hard I thought I was having a spasm. The weird part was trying to understand how my brain was trying to process this whole experience.

I like to sleep, but it often takes me a long time to fall asleep. My brain usually uses that first hour or so to unpack the events from the day and then it signals the time for “sleep”.

But by this point in time my “day” had been so screwed up that my brain really didn’t know what was going on. I remember for I time I was convinced that while I was in Helsinki my hosts had inserted some sort of probe into the base of my neck and that they were controlling what I was seeing. I was actually still in Helsinki and if I could just concentrate hard enough I could break through their technology. What’s funny is that it actually worked. There were times where I would see the vague outline of my darkened guest room break apart to reveal the light wood of Monty’s house in Finland. This was pure hallucination of course but it just made me want to try harder. The backstory my fever-ridden brain created was quite detailed.

In calmer times I was just plagued by earworms. I have a couple of albums I listen to when I travel as they provide enough background to block out the crying infant but not enough to keep me from napping. Those songs were in pretty heavy rotation in my head (in fact if I pause there is one of them roaming around back there now).

I remember there was a four-hour stretch of time where I could hear nothing but the song “Henry Kissinger” by Monty Python. I hadn’t thought of that song in years yet here it was, flowing gracefully, and non-stop, through my noggin’ for nearly four hours.

Death could not come swiftly enough.

Early into the week I started having a number of false breakthroughs. Just when I thought my fever had broken it would return, but at least it wasn’t to the levels I experienced over the weekend.

While I still slept most of the day, I was able to look at a screen for a bit (apparently the mass shooting I thought was in Idaho was in Colorado) and I would drink as much fluid as I could manage. My throat was raw from coughing, my lips were severely chapped and I I’d lost most of my senses of taste and smell.

Wednesday was the first day I could honestly say I was better than the day before. I got up around 5am for my usual fluid intake, and when I woke up at 7:30 or so I found out that I had sweated through my T-shirt, but my fever seemed to have faded. I made the decision not to join my family for Thanksgiving dinner on Thursday and instead used the time get some real rest, and on Friday I started trying to return to normal. I managed to get through a lot of e-mails and the news backlog (apparently that mass shooting I though was in Colorado was in Virginia).

I also made the difficult decision to skip this year’s Amazon Web Services re:Invent conference. I was one of the the lucky few from our department to get a ticket, but I’ve heard it can be physically challenging in the best of times and I was certain I wouldn’t be ready.

I’m writing this up on Saturday morning. If I had not contracted the flu I would be on my way to Las Vegas, and even though I am feeling much better the thought of flying brings back the nausea at the moment.

There are a number of things that depressed me about this illness, and one of them is that this is the first time “the flu” has taken so much from me. As I sometimes view bad cases of the flu as an old person’s disease I think this means I have to consider that I have become old.

Flu Test Results

The strain I contracted is the one from the 2009 “Swine Flu” epidemic, which was pretty nasty, although at times I felt like it was the one from 1918.

In any case I know that there is a strong desire if not outright need to move on from pandemic restrictions, but if you are one of the three people who read my blog you are special and I want you to take care of yourself. I don’t want you to have to expend a lot of mental energy trying to break through a spinal implant given without your knowledge.

Mary Balog (1942-2022)

My mother passed away after a short illness. This is what I said at her memorial service.

Mary Balog

Aujourd’hui, maman est morte.

That sentence is usually translated as “Mother died today”. It is the first line in the story “The Stranger” by the French author Albert Camus.

I hate to admit it, but I’ve never read “The Stranger”. Perhaps I was out the day it was taught. And I most definitely didn’t bring it up to show off my French skills, because I had to spend several minutes with my friend Bob to work on the pronunciation, and am still not sure I got it right.

The real reason I mention it is that I recently read an article about that sentence the The New Yorker in an article entitled “Lost in Translation”. The point of the article was that the French word for “mother” is actually “mère” and “maman” is something between “mommy” and “mom”. It goes on to examine how that might affect the reader’s feelings for the main character in the story when read in translation.

But that’s not important. What’s important is that my mother was most definitely a “mom”.

Looking out at the people here today I’m sure many of you understand what I mean.

Why does it matter? “Mother” to me seems very formal, whereas my relationship with Mom was closer to friendship, but even more so. Not only did she do all the “mom stuff” like care and nurture me, she was also interested in my life as a whole and loved to share things with me.

My sister and I have been blessed with two amazing parents. My father, well Dad, is kinda of like my left brain. He taught me how to reason and to love discovery and science and math and all that stuff.

My Mom was my right brain. She taught me how to be creative, and how to feel and get the most out of life. From her I get my love of cooking. Mom loved to cook . Even in the past year, when her health wasn’t the best, she would still try out new recipes.

But in fact I think that the act of cooking was secondary to the pleasure she took in feeding others. I can remember that during the “high holidays”, Easter, Thanksgiving and Christmas, our house would often be filled with people outside the family, friends and neighbors, who she loved to have over. She never met a stranger.

Together my parents formed a whole that was stronger than its parts.

When I was working on my four year college degree, which actually took me seven years and spanned three schools, I spent one summer working alongside Mom at Mid-State Plastics in Seagrove. We’d commute together, have lunch together if our breaks coincided, and often go to the store afterward.

When I lived in California I developed a taste for Granny Smith Apples, those firm, green apples with the slightly sour flavor. We were at the store and I picked up a few of them to eat. Mom was like “Put those back. Thems pie apples”. No, I said, they are really good. You can just eat them. She repeated that, no, those were for pies, and me, being stubborn, said that I was going to eat them.

This went back and forth for a little while and she looked me right in the eye and loud enough for most of the store to hear said “You’re not too big for me to spank your ass”.

A celebrity once said “I don’t want to achieve immortality through my work; I want to achieve immortality through not dying.” While that is a noble goal, it seems very hard to achieve, and I think the closest we can come to it is by living on in the hearts and minds of people’s lives we’ve touched. We are still alive as long as people remember us (and if you don’t believe me you can check out a documentary on the subject by Pixar called “Coco”).

Mom touched a lot of people, and I ask you to honor her by continuing to be kind to one another and the people you encounter. Thank you for coming to this celebration of her life.

Review: Jackpot: How the Super-Rich Really Live

I like classic cars. To me they are rolling pieces of art, and the pinnacle of car shows is probably the Pebble Beach Concours d’Elegance. Several months ago an article featuring that show popped up in my timeline. It was by Michael Mechanic and it led me to his book Jackpot: How the Super-Rich Really Live – and How Their Wealth Harms Us All. It’s an entertaining and well-researched look into the lives of the very wealthy, and I highly recommend it to anyone interested in such things.

TLDR; This is a very long post containing lots of personal stories. Feel free to skip and just buy the book.

Jackpot Book Cover

I grew up in a small town in North Carolina called Asheboro. I don’t really remember being exposed to very wealthy people back then. Of course we had our rich people, mainly business owners or doctors, and they lived up on Dave’s Mountain, or what we just called “The Mountain”. The poor people, mainly Black, lived in a section of town called “The Hill”. But in my solidly middle class neighborhood I don’t remember wealth really being a thing.

When I graduated high school I moved to Los Angeles to attend college. That was my first real contact with wealthy people. One of my friends was in a family that was considered one of the top ten wealthiest in the country, worth billions of dollars back in the early 1980s when a billion dollars meant something. My friend was very down to earth (he drove a ‘vette, a Chevette) and in the brief experience I had in his world I didn’t see much in the way of conspicuous consumption, it was more just the scale of things.

While I would get introduced to his friends wearing watches worth more than my yearly tuition, his house, while large, wasn’t extravagant, and the main difference between his bedroom and mine was the size (his was larger and had its own bathroom). He taught me a lot about how money worked in Beverly Hills, and the stratification even among the wealthy (the wealthiest families lived north of Sunset, and it went down as you moved south of Sunset, north of Whilshire and then finally south of Whilshire).

Me in Beverly Hills circa 1986

The school I was attending, Harvey Mudd College, was home to a lot of smart people, and several of my friends, upon graduation, moved to Seattle to work with this little start up known as Microsoft. Many of them are retired now, as they’d hit the jackpot. During the next few years Microsoft stock would split 8 times. So if you joined with, say, options on 1000 shares for one dollar, you now had 256,000 shares at 1/256th of a dollar per share.

The end of the 20th century was a lot like the end of the 19th century. In the latter businesses such as railroads and oil minted a large number of nouveau riche, and at the end of the former computers and the Internet did the same.

I was not one of them. However, even though I’m not in the 1%, or even the 2%, I have a number of friends who are and so I like to say I’m “1% adjacent”. I get to see some of the benefits and problems their wealth brings.

The title Jackpot refers to this, sometimes sudden, increase in wealth. The book starts off with an Introduction where we meet Nick Hanauer. In the early 1990s he put up $45,000 for a 1% stake in Amazon. As you can imagine, it is worth considerably more now. While Hanauer states he is “not a billionaire” he is worth hundreds of millions of dollars and unlike others who “spend the rest of their days trying to make their big pile of money even bigger” he wants to use his money for something more meaningful.

In addition to profiling the lives of the wealthy, the book aims to look at the social impact of wealth disparity. Most of the very rich are, indeed, focused on making themselves richer versus the improving society as a whole, and Jackpot examines the reasons why.

When large amounts of wealth is held in the hands of the few, it can lower the standard of living for the rest of the population.

As an example, when I was in primary school we learned about the difference between “mean” and “median“. If you have an array of values, the “mean” is the average of those values (add them up and divide by the number of entries). The “median” is the middle number of those values if they are arranged in order. For many distributions the mean and median are the same.

Suppose I have this series:

1, 2, 3, 4, 5

In this case the mean is “3” (15/5) and the median is also “3”.

But what if I change the last number:

1, 2, 3, 4, 10

Then the mean goes to “4” (20/5) while the median stays at “3”. The median is important in that it represents the value at which half of the samples are less and half are more. In many cases it is more representative of the “common” value than an average.

How does this relate to the super-rich? Well according to the Survey of Consumer Finances (SCF) by the Federal Reserve the median household net worth in the US was $121,411 in 2019. But due to the ultra-wealthy the average household net worth was $746,821, over six times greater. Looking at my simple example above you can imagine how skewed those top numbers have to be in order to cause such a difference.

One thing I love about Jackpot are the copious notes. I have pestered the author numerous times over the last few months to run down his sources that weren’t apparent from the appendices, and I like the fact that his book is well researched (and that Mr. Mechanic has been very tolerant of my pestering).

I can remember the Occupy Wall Street movement back in 2011 which was the first time I’d ever heard the term “The 1%”, referring to those people who are in the top 1% in net worth in the US. To many it means the very wealthy, but as we learn in the Introduction the bottom threshold for being in the 1% is $5.6 million (in 2019).

Being “1% adjacent” I can say that those who are just over that threshold aren’t the super rich. As Mechanic puts it “they are just 5 percenters with a nice house and a bigger security blanket”. My 1% friends don’t worry much about where their next meal is coming from or where they are going to live, but they aren’t out buying yachts. When we talk, the number one financial issue tends to be preparing for retirement. In North Carolina the average cost per person for assisted living is $45K/year, and by the time we reach the age where we might need it, it will be closer to $100K/year for a nice facility. Assume you might need it for 20 years and then you are looking at $2 million total, perhaps twice that for a couple. It takes a huge bite out of that $5.6 million.

When people think of “The 1%” I believe they are really referencing “The 0.1%”, which is a net worth of around $29.4 million. That’s when managing your money becomes a task in an of itself. It is above the level where you can avoid inheritance tax, and while you may have money worries retirement won’t be one of them.

The next tier is “The 0.01%” which has an ante of $157 million in net worth, where your wealth can take on a life of its own, and “The 0.001%” or the billionaires, even though admission to that club comes in at a paltry $800 million.

After the Introduction, the book jumps in to the idea of hitting the jackpot, which can take many forms. Most of the people I’ve know who have hit the jackpot have been in tech, or they’ve owned businesses that are related to tech, but you can hit the jackpot by winning the lottery or getting an unexpected inheritance. They all come with their own set of problems, but the common theme is going from “normal” money to crazy money. Apparently you end up with a lot of new friends when that happens, as well as relatives you never knew you had.

I have to admit that I play the lottery, but I have a particular rule. I can only spend $1 for every $100 million in jackpot prize money. Since the minimum ticket price for Powerball or Mega Millions is $2, I don’t play unless the jackpot is at least $200 million.

That limits how often I play but also gives me a certain level of entertainment. The odds of choosing the winning numbers in Powerball, for example, are over 292 million to one (close to picking a particular American adult out of the total population). The minimum jackpot is $20 million but to be honest even though $20 million would be life changing, it isn’t as life changing as $200 million (sort of like the difference between the 1% and the 0.01%). Part of my lottery fantasy involves calling my lawyer, who would assist in helping us remain anonymous. Another part involves hiring an Air Force friend of mine to pilot my private jet (grin).

Which leads us to the next section of the book, which is what to do with all this money. Of course the ultra-rich are known for owning multiple houses, exotic cars and boats, but what is funny is that extravagant spending on items is not common among my wealthy friends. They tend to be much more frugal, and when they spend money they spend it on experiences.

A couple of things to unpack here. When it comes to cars, as much as I love nice cars the most we’ve ever spent was $52K on a new Lexus, back in 2010. I really like getting a deal, and there are some amazing deals to be had in the secondary car market. I’m addicted to a website called Bring a Trailer, which is where I bought my 2003 Mercedes SL55. It was $129K new (or $183K in 2021 dollars) and I got it for just over $30K. Now $30K isn’t chump change but considering a new Camry will cost more it is a bargain. On Bring a Trailer I’ve seen pristine Bentley’s go for $50K as well as nice Aston Martins. Of course someone just bought an Integra for $112K so not everything is at the bottom of the depreciation curve, and now people who were kids in the 1990s have the wealth to buy the cars they wanted when they were young.

Even where I live in rural North Carolina it isn’t rare to see a high end BMW, or a Tesla Model S on the road, both $100K+ cars, but there would be a social stigma associated with driving, say, a Ferrari around town. A new Corvette or a high end pickup, sure, but conspicuous consumption is frowned upon.

I’m reminded of an apocryphal story about Rolls-Royce. In the late 1970s the company was not doing well, surviving mainly on its airplane engine business. In the car business they were seeing increased competition from competitors like Mercedes and BMW. The new Rolls-Royce CEO’s course of action was to triple their prices. Demand shot through the roof. While certain rich people could afford a $80K car, only the most wealthy could buy a $240K car. In microeconomics when demand goes up with price it is called a Giffen Good and these always reflect value external to the good itself, such as being able to broadcast one’s wealth by what car you drive.

It’s not all happiness, though. One friend of mine bought a McLaren. He loved the beauty of its engineering but the darn thing often wouldn’t start. He seemed really happy when he sold it.

The second thing to unpack is that another way to spend money is not on things but on experiences. Seen all those multi-millionaires going into to space?

Even my frugal rich friends are prone to spend more money on a prime experiences than on a nice thing. This reminds me of another great book called Happy Money that did research showing that the happiness that people get from buying things tends to fade a lot more quickly than the happiness they get from an experience, especially if that experience involves some form of anticipation.

Being 1% adjacent I’ve been able to experience some things the wealthy take for granted. I like fine dining, and years ago I was able to eat at my first and only Michelin three-star restaurant, the Alinea in Chicago. At around $600 per person, including wine paring, it isn’t cheap, but I thought the experience was worth every penny. Note that for me this is a once in a decade thing.

The other thing the very wealthy do is take elaborate vacations. Again, I don’t have the means to copy them but I did travel a lot for work, and using points and miles earned from that travel we have been able to experience how the other half lives. We’ve stayed in high end hotels in numerous countries and we get there flying either business or first class, but that involved a lot of planning and the judicious use of said points and miles.

For example, we had the desire to visit New Zealand. Using my American Airlines miles we got business class airfare but part of the trip was on Air Pacific (now Fiji Airways) and it took us through Nadi, Fiji. We decided to spend a few days there on a layover, and I found an amazing resort called Navini Island. It looks like the all-inclusive resort now runs a little over US$500/night but when we went it was less than $400/night per couple.

Meanwhile, there is another resort in Fiji called Turtle Island. While Navini is very small, about 6 acres, Turtle Island is 500 acres and was the site of the 1980 film The Blue Lagoon. Although I can’t find a current cost online I remember it running around five times that of Navini, more like US$2500/night per couple.

The reason I bring this up is that I first heard of Turtle Island from a 2008 blog post [link currently broken] by Scott Adams, the creator of Dilbert. He went there and had an amazing time, but I couldn’t understand what would make it five times better, so I sent him an e-mail asking his thoughts. He wrote back “I wasn’t in charge of Fiji island picking but it was worth the money.”

My guess is that at his wealth level the difference didn’t matter as much as it would to someone like me.

However, one of the nice things about being 1% adjacent is that sometimes it doesn’t cost me anything to take a vacation. Several years ago we went to Chicago. When I mentioned to a friend of mine who lived there that we were coming, he was like, hey, I’ll be out of town that weekend, why don’t you stay in my luxury high-rise apartment? So for the cost of an hour or so cleaning up after our visit and a nice bottle of tequila as a thank you gift, we got to stay in an amazing place costing thousands of dollars per month.

In another instance I was going to London on a business trip. I had another friend who had a Council Flat outside of Borough Market, but when I was going to be in town her and her husband were staying at their place in Paris. They offered to let me stay in their flat for the cost of a cleaning fee, about £50. Much less than the cost of a hotel and it was a nicer experience being in a neighborhood in London than in a city hotel.

This is another thing that is brought up in Jackpot. Rich people tend to have rich people friends, and so they often don’t have to spend much to take a vacation. Bill might want to visit the Maldives so he just stays at Jeff’s place, and when Jeff wants to take a vacation he might crash at Bill’s place in the Caymans.

One place where the rich are different from others is in their houses. If you want to buy a $400K car you can’t just park it on your suburban street, and expensive houses tend to clustered with other expensive houses. One thing these high-end neighborhoods pride themselves on is privacy, but another way to look at it is isolation.

In the firmly middle class neighborhood where I grew up, everyone knew everyone else. If I happened to be at Alan Bass’s house at lunch time, his mother would feed me. The same as if he were at mine, my mom would feed him. I can remember riding my bike down our hill at speed and I wrecked trying to take a corner (I think I was around five). I crashed in Archie Farley’s yard, who taught physics at the local high school, and he came out, calmed me down and took me home. I’m not sure this would happen in a rich neighborhood, or if such play would even be allowed.

Mechanic talks about the effect this has on the rich, and how things like houses turn into a competition with one’s neighbors. As Sam Polk states in the book “Most of the search for wealth is not about how good the stuff is. It’s about what the stuff says about how valuable a person you are.”

Now once you have the house and car, what else could you want? How about attention. Of course all this money isn’t worth anything if you aren’t around to enjoy it, so you need to stay healthy. The rich have access to all sorts of concierge level medical care that the rest of us couldn’t afford.

I have some friends who used to get yearly checkups at the Mayo Clinic. These were two-day “head to toe” affairs where all aspects of their health were evaluated. One thing they really liked about the service was that each different physician they saw shared information, so there were few forms to fill out and little repetition. If you are rich your time is important.

When I was in college hanging with my friend with the ‘vette, he told me that in addition to the green, gold and platinum AMEX cards that there was a special “black” card for the ultra-wealthy. At the time it was an urban legend, but in 1999 they decided to make it a reality with The Centurion Card. This invite-only card apparently gets you access to amazing concierge services. No one knows what it takes to get an invite, but I had a friend who spent $35K/month for years on his AMEX card and didn’t get one.

The second part of the book focuses on various aspects of being super-wealthy. In many cases it is driven by the desire to keep up with your peers.

At some point, your wealth requires both people to manage it and to isolate you from people who would seek you out in the hope of getting some of it. Can you trust the people who manage your money? One of the things that stuck out about this part was that people I know in the 1%, but not the 0.1%, are often affected by things out of their control but they don’t have the resources to, say, hire lobbyists to get it addressed. One recent change to the tax code involving foreign assets has a friend of mine looking at spending $250K just to properly file their taxes and that isn’t a negligible amount to them.

Tax law often has unexpected consequences. When it was made mandatory that public corporations report executive compensation, the idea was that by making it public it would shame them into keeping such compensation modest. The exact opposite happened, and executive compensation skyrocketed. From the book:

In 1965, according to the Economic Policy Institute, the CEOs of the 350 largest public companies collected about twenty-one times as much compensation as the typical worker, on average. That’s a big difference, but people could still relate to one another. As of 2019, the ratio was 320-to-1.

Another issue facing the rich is interactions with those who have less than them. Being 1% adjacent I seem to be able to get along well with those both above and below my economic bracket, but I can remember one embarrassing mistake I once made.

We were out with another couple who we hadn’t seen in awhile, and we all liked good food. We were at a high-end Italian restaurant and we were getting treated very well, since I had been introduced to the owner through one of his relatives I knew from one of my customers. We had a long meal with several courses and a number of bottles of wine.

When the check came I just suggested we split it, as this is very common among my friends as it makes things simple. I realized my mistake the moment the words came out of my mouth, judging from their expression. I had forgotten that this other couple didn’t make as much money as we did. They were both in very respectable positions but some of those don’t pay as much as a job in tech. But once the words were out I couldn’t take them back. I should have at least offered to pay for the wine, since it was my idea to order most of it. I felt horrible.

I later made it up to them by taking them out to an even nicer restaurant and insisting on paying, but I can’t help but wonder if they had to do without something because of that first meal we shared.

Jackpot also talks about issues around romance and security. If you are wealthy and single, how would you know if someone was interested in you and not just your money? Most of the rich people I know found their partners before they became rich, but one multimillionaire I’m acquainted with has just decided never to get married because they simply can’t tell.

With respect to security, I knew a person who was working with a billionaire and brought him a small, wrapped gift, which he put down on the conference table they were using. Very calmly one of the billionaire’s security team discreetly picked it up to be opened and examined later.

In 1994 a rather controversial book called The Bell Curve was published that showed how society filters people out by cognitive ability. The first separation is between those people who finish high school and those that don’t, followed by people who go to college versus those who don’t. College students are further filtered by which schools they attend. One statistic, that I’m quoting from memory, was that if you distributed people with a Ph.D. degree throughout the population, the average person would know about two. I can name twenty without straining very hard.

The same thing happens to rich people, especially their children. They go to private schools with other rich people’s kids, and then on to elite colleges and universities, thus often isolating them from people who aren’t rich. Plus, when it comes time to enter the work force, they have the connections to get those high paying jobs.

And what about the security of those children? While you might think the worst thing upon hitting the jackpot would be a shirttail relative hitting you up for money, what if a not so nice person wants access to your money through kidnapping.

Being the child of rich parents has its own problems. One often associates drug use with the poor, but one study of 1800 students in Texas found that 30% of both the richest and the poorest kids reported using drugs, compared to 18% of the middle income students.

As I don’t have offspring, the sections on the issues rich people face with respect to caring for their children as well as passing on wealth were interesting, but didn’t really resonate with me. However, at the end of Part II Mechanic begins to address how this wealth inequality affects society. One paragraph I highlighted

Successful people tend to feel deserving of their lot, research suggests, regardless of whatever advantages they may have enjoyed in life. As a corollary, they tend to view less fortunate people as having earned their lack of success. “So you’re more likely to make sense of inequality,” Piff explains, “to justify it, make inequality seem equitable”

The “Piff” in the above quote is researcher Paul Piff, who sometimes uses the game Monopoly to explain wealth disparity. People who lose at Monopoly tend to blame it on bad luck, whereas winners often brag about their superior strategy. Even though the game is heavily skewed toward random events, winners feel that they have earned their win.

I was exposed to this a lot growing up. Poor people were poor because they were lazy, not because of external factors.

Being a member of the oppressive color, language, age and gender, I was a beneficiary of the American Dream. My grandfather worked in a coal mine and died of Black Lung Disease when my father was 17. My father grew up in a four room house, not a four bedroom house, and supported his family by taking an apprenticeship at Westinghouse and attending night school at the nearby university. His seven year journey to a degree was broken up by a stint in the Reserves. To say he worked his ass off is an understatement, but that allowed him to to get a good job in manufacturing and to provide a nice existence for my mother, my sister and myself.

I used my middle class security to get options not available to everyone else. I was lucky enough to attend the NC School of Science and Math for high school, and that allowed me to get into good colleges. I didn’t do very well in school but I had a safety net in my family that did eventually see me graduate, and later in life my ability to take risks allowed me to start my own company which was sold two decades later for a modest, but not insignificant, payday.

Success is often a combination of hard work and a lot of luck.

The final section of the book talks about how wealth inequality skews the game in favor of the wealthy, and how wealth is skewed toward those in the highest percentile (remember my mention of median vs. mean wealth above). Wealth grants you access to politicians, who can, in turn, help protect and increase that wealth.

As someone who lives in the South, I am surprised at how many people vote for politicians who don’t have their best interests at heart. I think, in part, it is this myth that with hard work anyone can join the 1%, and in turn the 1% can join the 0.1%.

I can remember during the Obama administration he worked to implement tax cuts for the middle class. As I was driving to the office one day I got behind a dually pickup truck that had one a sticker saying “I’ll keep my guns, my money and my religion, and you can keep ‘the change'”.

This was an obvious criticism of Obama, and when I got closer I saw that the truck belonged to the owner of a local RV park. I couldn’t help but think that I probably paid more in taxes than this guy made that year, but he was of the opinion that Obama’s policies would hurt him.

The differences in wealth distribution are staggering. In 2019 if you were in the 90th percentile (the top 10%) you had an average individual (not family) net worth of $2.8 million. For the 80th percentile that dropped to $555K, for the 70th it was $293K and for the 60th percentile it was $152K. At the 24th percentile your net worth was around $199 and it quickly drops below zero after that.

Often when talking about wealth, annual income is referenced along with net worth. To be in the 1% you need to have an annual household income of around $481K per year (in 2019). I always discount that as I know a number of people who work in Silicon Valley who make very high salaries but due to the cost of living have little net worth. If those people can’t manage to generate wealth I think it would be very difficult for someone making a lot less to manage it, but there is still that dream.

The dream is perpetuated by any number of “wealth gurus” who promise riches to those who pay to attend their seminars. They fuel “false beliefs about wealth and mobility” that all you need to do to become wealthy is work hard. One of my favorite quotes from the book:

Anyone who builds a company works their tail off. But some founders are more clear-eyed than others. Jerry Fiddler worked one-hundred-hour weeks at Wind River Systems, but “anybody who tells you that they are wealthy because they work harder is either lying to you or they’re lying to themselves. My cleaning lady works harder than I do and doesn’t make as much money,” he told me. “The work is necessary, but it’s not sufficient.”

The book also addresses the differences in wealth and race. I found this particularly interesting considering the current outcry against Critical Race Theory (CRT). When the whole CRT outrage popped up a few months ago, I had never heard of it, so I did a little research. It is a bit esoteric, being a subject taught in graduate level law programs for those who are seeking a doctorate in jurisprudence, and isn’t a common subject for most law students. My interpretation of CRT is that, since there are no significant genetic differences between White people and people of color, the differences in outcomes concerning wealth and influence must be due to something else.

That’s it.

Seems pretty straightforward, right?

I think part of the furor over CRT comes from this idea people have that the playing field is level for everyone and they “earned” their wealth through hard work, not realizing the indirect help they had along the way. I’ve worked very hard in my life, as did my father and his father, but we all had certain advantages that created an atmosphere where we could succeed. From the book:

“I run on the beach,” Paul Piff told me by way of illustration. “Some days I feel like I’m going particularly fast, and on those very same days, when I’m coming back, I feel like, ‘Whoa, that is a heavy wind and it’s making me go slower.’ I didn’t realize when I was going fast that there was wind pushing me.”

When people claim that race makes no difference in the US, all you have to do is look at the nation’s billionaires. In 2020 there were 788 of them, and considering the population of the US is 13.4% Black, we should have 105 Black billionaires.

There are seven.

Every week I meet up for lunch with some gentlemen who call themselves “The Old Farts Club”. Most are in their 70s and 80s, and in the past were involved in local politics. One week I brought up the idea of reparations, meaning a one time monetary payment to descendants of former slaves as restitution. I haven’t made my mind up on whether or not this is something we, as a society, should do, but as an extreme extrovert I tend to do my thinking out loud.

So I decided to do the math, but I had a lot of trouble finding consistent numbers for household wealth (or even the number of households). Using the numbers from the book, the median net worth of White US households is around $171K, and for Black households $17K, for a difference of $154K. So I asked myself, what would it cost?

The next step would be to determine the number of Black households in the US, and I get values from 10 million to 15 million. Taking the average, 12.5 million, I come up with $19.2 trillion, which is less than the current US debt of $28 trillion (as I post this) but it is still an astronomical number that illustrates the impact race has on wealth in this country.

Another minority impacted when it comes to wealth are women. Even though they make up more than half of the population, they only represent 7.4% of the CEOs in the Fortune 500. There are a number of reasons for this. It was mentioned that one way to financial success is to go to the right college, but the Ivy league schools were some of the last to go co-ed. Also, a lot of people who hit the jackpot do so in tech, and tech is a male dominated field (think of the “tech bros“). The irony is that evidence suggests that women make “superior stewards” of wealth but they are often excluded from the top ranks of finance.

The final part of the book talks about the options the rich have for giving away their wealth. There is a lot to consider, including how much to leave to family and deciding which organizations should get those funds. The Giving Pledge is a promise by some of the world’s wealthy to give away half of their fortune either during their lifetime or before they die.

I have spent a lot of time thinking of the impact the ultra-rich could have if they decided to part with even a fraction of their wealth.

I have a friend who is a policeman in Durham, NC, and I occasionally go on ride-a-longs with him. On one of those he had to respond to a shooting at McDougald Terrace (known locally as “The Mac”), a housing project that evokes Chicago’s Cabrini Green and is home to around 300 families. There have been a lot of issues with the buildings, and there is a plan underway to renovate them, at a cost estimated to be near $20 million.

While that is a lot of cash, it’s “lunch money” to those worth hundreds of billions. Bill Gates once said he could spend $3 million a day, every day, for 100 years and not run out of money, and that assumes he doesn’t make another cent.

As you can probably guess, I really enjoyed this book, and I don’t read much non-fiction. When I was in school I studied Spanish, and with that came the study of countries that speak Spanish as their primary language. A lot of them, especially in the western hemisphere, have not been very politically stable. My teacher pointed out (in the late 1970s) that the reason these countries have such issues and the United States doesn’t has nothing to do with language but instead it is because the US has a large middle class. In countries where wealth is hoarded by the few, that wealth tends to get redistributed by revolution. But the middle class is shrinking which doesn’t bode well for the continued stability of the United States. The first step in stopping this is understanding why, and this book is a good start.